Rent Musical Essays - Broadway Musicals, Off-Broadway, Rock Musicals

Rent Musical There's a scene in the new musical "RENT" that may be the quintessential romantic moment of the '90s. Roger, a struggling rock musician, and Mimi, a junkie who's a dancer at an S/M club, are having a lovers' quarrel when their beepers go off and each takes out a bottle of pills. It's the signal for an "AZT break," and suddenly they realize that they're both HIV-positive. Clinch. Love duet. If you don't think this is romantic, consider that Jonathan Larson's sensational musical is inspired by Puccini's opera "La Boheme," in which the lovers Mimi and Rodolfo are tragically separated by her death from tuberculosis. Different age, different plague. Larson has updated Puccini's end-of-19th-century Left Bank bohemians to end-of-20th-century struggling artists in New York's East Village. His rousing, moving, scathingly funny show, performed by a cast of youthful unknowns with explosive talent and staggering energy, has brought a shocking jolt of creative juice to Broadway. A far greater shock was the sudden death of 35-year-old Larson from an aortic aneurysm just before his show opened. His death just before the breakthrough success is the stuff of both tragedy and tabloids. Such is our culture. Now Larson's work, along with "Bring in 'Da Noise, Bring in 'Da Funk," the tap-dance musical starring the marvelous young dancer Savion Glover, is mounting a commando assault on Broadway from the downtown redoubts of off-Broadway. Both are now encamped amid the revivals ("The King and I") and movie adaptations ("Big") that have made Broadway such a creatively fallow field in recent seasons. And both are oriented to an audience younger than Broadway usually attracts. If both, or either, settle in for a successful run, the door may open for new talent to reinvigorate the once dominant American musical theater. "RENT" so far has the sweet smell of success, marked no only by it's $6 million advance sale (solid, but no guarantee) but also by the swarm of celebrities who have clamored for tickets: Michelle Pfeifer, Sylvester Stallone, Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise, Mel Gibson, Ralph Fiennes...name your own biggie. Last week, on opening night, 21 TV crews, many from overseas, swarmed the Nederlander Theatre to shoot the 15 youthful cast members in euphoric shock under salvos of cheers. Supermogul David Geffen of the new DreamWorks team paid just under a million dollars to record the original-cast album. Pop artitsts who've expressed interest in recording songs from the 33-number score include Whitney Houston, Toni Braxton and Boyz II Men. A bidding scrimmage has started for the movie rights among such Hollywood heavies as Warner Brothers, Danny DeVito's Jersey Films, Fox 2000 and Columbia. The asking price is $3 million, but bonuses for length of run, the Pulitzer Prize (which "RENT" has already won), various Tony and critics' awards could jack the price up to $3.75 million. Despite these stupefying numbers, the young producers, Jeffrey Seller, 31, and Kevin McCollum, 34, and their associate, moneyman Allan S. Gordon, know that they're not home free. "There's no such thing in New York," says Seller. "Our company has mostly done tours. If you sell 8,000 seats a week in Cleveland, you did a great job. Never having done a Broadway show, the idea that you have to sell 450,000 seats a year is daunting." Major Broadway players like the Shubert Organization and Jujamcyn Theaters, which lost out to the Nederlander in the feverish grab for "RENT," would love to be daunted like these Broadway tyros. Rocco Landesman, Jujamcyn's president, says he's "crushed" at not getting "RENT." He predicts the show will be a "crossover success; it will attract an ethnically diverse audience, people who are not normally theatergoers." "RENT" has a $67.50 top ticket price, but the producers have reserved the first two rows at $20 and are tagging mezzanine seats at a "bargain" $30. "'RENT' has a lot riding on its shoulders," says producer Jim Freydberg, whose "Big" has just opened. "I desperately hope it works. If it's successful, we're going to get more daring shows on Broadway. If it's not, we're going to get more revivals." This is interesting, coming from a competitior whose own show, based on the popular Tom Hanks movie about a 13-year-old boy who wakes up on day in the body of a 30-year-old man, could be said to represent the less daring sector of Broadway. "If I really wanted to make money I'd go to Wall Street and invent money," says Seller. "I came to Broadway because I was excited by the question 'Can you challenge the mainstream? Can you reinvent the mainstream from

Queen Elizabeths Wardrobe Revolution Fashions English Literature Essay Essays

Queen Elizabeths Wardrobe Revolution Fashions English Literature Essay Essays Queen Elizabeths Wardrobe Revolution Fashions English Literature Essay Essay Queen Elizabeths Wardrobe Revolution Fashions English Literature Essay Essay Manner is defined to be the prevalent sought-after apparels that are a la manner. A manner compositor is person who wears a new outfit that everyone else replicates and expands. Queen Elizabeth was a trendsetter and she non merely affected the manner people used to dress but besides used this as an advantage to help her throughout her reign. Queen Elizabeth was non ever dressed so opulently. A missive written by her nurse during her childhood pleaded to the King to give small Elizabeth adequate apparels so that she does non hold to run around in shreds. I beseech you to be [ a ] good Godhead to my ladyaˆÂ ¦that she may hold some array for she hath neither gown, nor kirtle nor arms, nor railes, nor organic structure stitches, nor hankies, nor muffles nor biggins. All this her grace must hold. I have driven off every bit long as I can, that be my troth I can drive it no longer. Biding you my Godhead that ye will see that her grace may hold that [ which ] is needed for her ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . Elizabeth used her closet for political and personal decision-making. She passed Torahs in respects to vesture and everyone was required to dress harmonizing to their station. Manner has aided to keep a societal construction in England and had an impact on history throughout Queen Elizabeth s reign. Queen Elizabeth s closet was made up of amazing frocks and non merely did she frock to affect people but her closet service more than merely one intent. It is said that during Queen Elizabeth s childhood, she did non hold any excessive frock to have on. In fact she was dressed with the simplest cloths and the plainest of gowns and at one point her nurse begged for the King to give her more apparels that fitted her station. Elizabeth s young person and her female parent s decease had a great influence over her political every bit good as personal determinations ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . Her show of the fancy frocks was non due merely to a craving for rich gowns to do up for her impoverished closet of her younger yearss but was besides used to do political and wealth statements ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . Both her male parent and she were good known for their extravagancy in dressing. It is said that Queen Elizabeth even outsh one her male parent in the luxury of her frocks. The usage of manner for her political advantage was one of the absorbing traits of Queen Elizabeth. For illustration, deluxe gowns impress people and Elizabeth knew that. Thus her closet was foremost fashioned to affect and besides to accommodate her station as a opinion sovereign ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . Besides she sent portrayals of herself excellently dressed to Catherine de Medici during the matrimony dialogues with the Anjous which gained consentaneous congratulations. As she was the queen of England, the manner she dresses affected the people around her as they all dressed up to be in the Queen s good graces. King Henry VII, Elizabeth s gramps, was the object of chitchat about poorness and bargain rate as a consequence of his severe closet while on the other manus, Queen Elizabeth s munificent closet conveyed generousness and the willingness to pass ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan F ashion ) . Although her closet far topped any other in England, her vesture disbursals were rather modest. Behind the excessive facade of her apparently expensive closet, were the fact of limited financess, carefully budgeted outgos, and the crafty usage of resources and stuffs ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . As her reigned progressed, people began conveying apparels to her as an effort to derive her favours. So, her outgo cost was significantly reduced and she could give more financess to other countries. Queen Elizabeth s closet did non merely affect foreign sovereign but besides the English people under her reign during the Elizabethan epoch. The Elizabethan epoch was renowned for its stylish construct and the manner people were utilizing it to show themselves. At the beginning of the epoch, adult females s manner did non hold much of an importance in their lives but after Queen Elizabeth came to power, everything they wore came to count. Fashion was considered an of import portion of the Elizabethan epoch ( England Fashion during the Elizabethan Age ) . Dressing up was deemed an art signifier and therefore Elizabethan people took clip and attempt to be smart ( England Fashion during the Elizabethan Age ) . As might be expected, the apparels the queen wore significantly affected the people near to her. They began to dress consequently to fit the Queen s manner but were careful to non dominate hers. Queen Elizabeth s ladies in waiting wore her old frocks that other adult females ende avored to copy. Elizabeth s manner influence spread good beyond adult female s vesture. The luster of her closet began to alter male garments as good. Courtiers competed with each other in order to be seen in the most showy, flowery, dearly-won, and stylish outfits to acquire in the good graces of the Queen ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . Hunting was one of the favourite athleticss during the Elizabethan epoch and many vesture manners were formed during the runing trips. Many a clip, a baronial or some affluent individual would come dressed up in a new voguish outfit which the other affluent and under category environing the Hunt would reproduce, therefore distributing the manner ( Elizabethan Sports ) . Queen Elizabeth had portrayals of herself painted, of which transcripts were made and distributed freely throughout the land ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . This manner her image could be displayed to broad audience therefore ensuing in the spread of the tribunal s manner and inspiring pride into the English people s bosom. Queen Elizabeth changed the manner people used to dress and this was considered as the it thing of the clip. The manner people used to dress during the Elizabethan epoch was about a combination of the manner with one s societal position and this was besides the epoch where Torahs were imposed with respects to vesture ( Clothing in Elizabethan Era ) . In Greenwich on the 15 June 1574, Queen Elizabeth enforced some new Sumptuary Laws called the Statutes of Apparel ( Elizabethan Sumptuary Laws ) . It was chiefly enforced and put to work by King Henry VIII, and these Torahs were so enforced by his eldest girl Queen Mary, and so Queen Elizabeth continued the tradition. It was a good manner of maintaining control over the public ( Elizabethan Sumptuary Laws ) . These Torahs were popular among the English people as the penalty for go againsting the Sumptuary Laws could be terrible ; mulcts, loss of belongings, rubric and sometime even person s life! ( Elizabethan Sumptuary Laws ) . No definite legal certification could be found where the criminal was brought to justness or the stipulated penalt y was carried out for interrupting the jurisprudence ( Sumptuary Law ) . Some mentions to such happenings can be found in a few personal diaries, but no parliamentary records seem to be to confirm these journal entries ( Sumptuary Laws ) . Queen Elizabeth enforced these Torahs to restrict the outgo of people on apparels and besides to keep the societal construction of the Elizabethan epoch. The chief concern of the Queen was that money was spent on unpointed stuffs alternatively of being used for more purposeful things. The other concern was that if anyone started have oning anything they wanted, it will take to moral diminution and societal pandemonium. For illustration, if person can non state the difference between a dairymaid and a countess at a glimpse, so pandemonium might happen throughout the land and Queen Elizabeth did non desire that go oning ( Queen Elizabeth s Influence on Elizabethan Fashion ) . These Torahs were about impossible to implement as there was no vesture constabulary ( Elizabethan Sumptuary Statutes ) . Elizabethan dressing displayed information about the societal position of the individual have oning them and this was non merely determined by the wealth of the individual but besides their societal standing ( Elizabethan Clothing ) . The Elizabethan Sumptuary Laws were of import as it revolutionized what everyone was have oning and it besides emphasized the societal category system as people were dressing harmonizing to their category. During the Elizabethan epoch, manner has played an of import function in determining the history throughout Queen Elizabeth s reign. Due to Queen Elizabeth s deficiency of rich and elegant frocks during her younger yearss, her closet, alongside her celebrated virginity when she grew up influenced 1000s of people in England and helped her throughout her political every bit good as personal determinations. She fashioned the manner people were dressing during the epoch as people looked up to her and wanted to derive her favours. Behind the facade of the expensive looking and jeweled incrusted gowns were a carefully budgeted planning, limited financess and intelligent usage of the resources and stuffs needed. She besides received expensive vesture gifts from many of her courtiers who wanted to be remarked and be portion of the tribunal. The portrayals she painted of herself were a brilliant show of wealth and power that anyone would be impressed by its luster. She made transcripts of he r portrayal and had them distributed throughout Elizabethan England. The Elizabethan Sumptuary Laws were an indispensable facet of the Elizabethan epoch manner as it kept society s societal construction from fade outing in thing thin air. Queen Elizabeth was a cardinal constituent in the spreading of the manner during the epoch and she did with much grace and glorification.

Crafting the Argument Essay from Beginning to End

Crafting the Argument Essay from Beginning to End Crafting the Argument Essay from Beginning to End Argument essays require more than research and writing skills to be effective. You need to be able to collect information, analyze the information for the argument, and form an argument based on research. To write an argument essay, you need to create an evidence based position on the argument and be able to write it clearly to convince the audience of your side. You need to make sure you follow the steps of essay writing by brainstorm, prewriting, outlining, rough draft, and revision. With an argument essay, you have additional steps to gathering evidence to support your position, creating your position on the argument, and disputing the other side of the argument. Start off strong The start of your essay, or your introduction, needs to be informing and attention grabbing. Essays need strong statements at the beginning in order to catch the readers attention. These strong statements are known as hooks. Hooks sound like their job, because their function is to draw in the reader. These openers need to be exciting and informing. Background information of your problem is need to help your reader understand the problem and why it is important. Any type of essays need a thesis statement. Thesis statement presents your position in an argument paper. Planning to stay focused Essays need to be planned to stay on point and not get off topic. Outlines can be a good way to help you focus on your argument and to cover your position completely. A good argument has three or more strongly developed claims. Claims are statements you make to support your argument. Each claim needs to be backed up by evidence. Evidence can be found in the books and articles where you find your support for your position. The other side of the argument A strong argument addresses the other side of the argument. You have to be able to address their position and show that it is wrong. The best argument is what that is proven by your evidence it is right and the other side is proven to by wrong. Finish strong Now you have opened your argument, proven your argument, and disproven the other argument then the next step is to finish your essay strong. You need to restate the importance of your issue, not just the issue. Tell your audience why they need to take action. Explain to them what the world is like if they do not take action. Essays need good closure in order to end your argument well. If these steps are overwhelming to you, you can always reach out to Master Essays. We have a number of services to help you along the way and can be reached at 1-800-573-0840.

The Role of Business in the Economy Dissertation

The Role of Business in the Economy - Dissertation Example of Owners Type of Liability Advantages Disadvantages 1. Sole Proprietorship One Unlimited in the form of personal liability in relation to business debt 1. Total profit generated is retained by the owner 2. Formation and dissolution are easy tasks 3. Owners are characterized by having flexibilities 1. The financial liability is unlimited in nature 2. Limited opportunity of financing 3. Deficiencies in management 4. Lacks continuity 2. Partnership More than one The business creditors are a threat to the personal assets held by any of the partners 1. Formation is easy 2. Can be benefited from partners having management skills which are complementary in nature 3. Financial capacity is expanded 1. Financial liability is unlimited in nature 2. Interpersonal conflicts between partners 3. Lacks continuity 4. Difficulty in dissolution 3. Corporation The no. of shareholders is unlimited. For the S Corporations it can have a maximum of 75 shareholders Limited 1. Financial liability is limited in nature 2. Management having specialized skills 3. Financial capacity is expanded 4. Large scale economic operations 1. Formation and dissolution are costly and difficult in nature. 2. Disadvantages because of taxation 3. Legal restrictions Question 2 Define the entrepreneurship and the nature and importance in the economy of small business Entrepreneurship can be defined as the ability to develop and create something new. Entrepreneurship has been defined by different authors in various ways. For example, according to A. H. Cole, entrepreneurship is defined as an activity which is done purposefully by any individual to initiate or generate profit through the manufacture and distribution of services and goods having economic value. Similarly, it is defined by Peter Drucker as a practice and not a kind of art or science. It is actually a base of knowledge, and entrepreneurship is not only a means of earning money but also a medium of creativity, imagination, flexibility, ability to undertake risks, and the ability to utilize change as a means of new opportunity (Mohanty, 2005, p.10-11). Entrepreneurship can be very advantageous for the economy of small businesses. Most of the small businesses in an economy are initiated through the efforts of a single person, who is known as the entrepreneur. They are successful in setting up the business successfully through the effective utilization of business opportunities in the market. The entrepreneurs are characterized by having the ability to take considerable amount of risks and are self motivated (NCSEE, n.d.). The small businesses set up by the entrepreneurs help to boost the economic growth and also serve for the purpose of meeting the various needs of the people locally. Question 3 Describe the basic accountability process and financial statements used in business Accounting can be defined as the process of recording and reporting of financial transactions after proper analysis of the collected information about the business transactions. These financial transactions are required to be recorded and represented in an orderly manner so as to facilitate useful information required for the decision making process of its users. The proper interpretation of information represented in the financial statements also forms a part of the basic accounting process of any business entity. The information about the financial transac

English- Questions & Letter Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

English- Questions & Letter Writing - Essay Example Pathos refers to an appeal to emotions as a means of persuasion. Finally, logos refers to an appeal to reasoning as a means of convincing another person. One real world example where these three components occur concomitantly is in Presidential speeches. At the recent Republican Convention Mitt Romney incorporated these elements in his speech to the convention. In this way, Romney uses ethos frequently by referring to his strong ethical responsibility as a life-long Mormon and God devoted individual. Additionally, he refers to having saved the Salt Lake City Olympics as a means of establishing ethical responsibility and devotion to America. Romney implemented pathos in a variety of ways. Perhaps the most prominent way pathos is implemented is by referring to notions of American Exceptionalism. Romney plays on Americans’ belief that their country is the greatest in the world and indicates that if re-elected he will be the one to restore it to this prominence. Additionally, Romn ey indicates that by voting for Barack Obama America will continue to regress into mediocrity. Another ethos element Romney implemented was the importance of having jobs to ensure that Americans are able to live full and healthy lives; in in these regards he plays on emotional fear that unless he is elected America will remain in recession and jobs will not be plentiful. The final element implemented by Mitt Romney is logos. Romney used logos in his speech in a variety of ways. Perhaps the most prominent way logos was implemented was through his reasoning that as a successful businessman he would be able to turn the American economy around. The reasoning in this notion is that he would run America like a business. Another way he implemented logos was through arguing that American must stop running up the debt and spending. The reasoning here is that it is not safe for a country in financial troubles to continue to incur debt. 3. Induction and deduction are different elements. Induct ion refers to reasoning that collects information from specific examples and uses this information to reach a conclusion. This process is also referred to as inductive reasoning. Induction is contrasted with deduction, however, in that deduction generalizes from premises. In this way induction reaches its conclusion from actual examples, whereas deduction generalizes from premises. 4. Dear Professor Takai, I read your article and found it interesting. Specifically, the article discusses the stereotype of Asians as the model minority. The article argued that since society has positioned Asians as the model minority, individuals have considered that African Americans should also have achieved a level of success. Instead, your article considers that Asians Americans have not achieved the high levels of success that they have been purported to have gained. In establishing these points you note a number of statistical information. Your first major argument is that the statistical informa tion that exists about incomes is misleading because Asian Americans live in areas where the cost of living and income levels are higher. You then argue that while many Asian Americans make higher wages, it is because they work longer hours and gain higher levels of education. Another point you make is that the notion of there being a ‘model minority’ homogenizes all Asians into one group rather than highlighting their

Technology Solution for Promoting E-Banking in Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

Technology Solution for Promoting E-Banking in Bangladesh Essay E-banking has revolutionised the way business istransacted by globalising the business enterprise. E-banking technologies have proliferated in recent years, and the availability of a wide range of products has led to increasing adoption among consumers. These technologies include direct deposit, computer banking, stored value cards, and debit cards. Consumers are attracted to these technologies because of convenience, increasing ease of use, and in some instances cost savings. E-banking, in particular, has grown at impressive rates. Between 1995 and 2003, e-banking increased eightfold. Between late 2002 and early 2005, use of online banking increased 47%, a clear evidence that e-banking is associated with better household financial management. All businesses, including small and medium scale industries, no matter their geographical locations, are all beneficiaries of e-banking. It encompasses all kinds of commercial transaction that is conducted on an electronic medium, mostly through the internet. E-banking links business to customers no matter their geographical location. It allows companies to make new business contacts from different global business alliances, test new products and services, and make market research and other enquiries all at a minimal cost both financial and otherwise. Smaller community banks, among others, are more interested in the application of e-banking to gain certain competitive edges over their larger counterparts. In addition to previous e-banking delivery systems, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) and telephone transaction processing centres, online banking provides banks a new and more efficient electronic delivery tool. While ATMs were first introduced in early 1980s and initially an attempt to reduce operating costs, telephone call centres were developed in the 1990s to handle simple transactions and provide added customer services from a remote location. E-banking has been viewed as an upgrading from previous electronic delivery systems to open new business opportunities for the banking induetry. Electronic banking does not mean only 24- hours access to cash through an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) or Direct Deposit of pay checks into checking or savings accounts as many consumers may think. Electronic banking (e-banking) involves many different types of transactions; it is a form of banking where funds are transferred through an exchange of electronic signals between financial institution, rather than exchange of cash, cheques or other negotiable instruments. With the expansion of global Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure and the internet, e-banking is set to play a pivotal role in the national economic development of any country. But appropriate software, technology, infrastructure, skilled manpower and cyber law are crucial for the implementation of e-banking in the country. This paper reviewed the issues associated with various forms of e-banking accompanied by a field survey and explored the challenges and prospect of e-banking in Bangladesh. Chapter 1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The primary objective of the report is to find out a technology solution for the banking system of Bangladesh using a nation-wide network. Implementing a nation-wide electronic banking system requires huge investment especially for the establishment of a backbone network. It really matters for a country like ours.

Essay --

Arsons Through Vandalism Arson is the malicious and intentional setting of fire to a building, house, business, forest, vehicles, and other properties. This type of arson motivated by vandalism is common to many juvenile offenders between 10-14 years of age (Radell Smith, Jan 26, 2010, Yahoo Voices), usually as a result of peer pressure or some type of gang initiation. Most type of arsonists don't typically live very far from where they commit their crimes. Commonly, they know the area really well where arson has been committed. It was said that 30 percent of arsonist can be found living half a mile to a mile from the crime scene of arson, 21 percent live within a five-block radius, and the rest of majority of arson fires are committed by someone living within a two-mile radius of the fire (Smith, 2010). Most of these offenders would flee the scene immediately after setting the target on fire, some would return to the scene of crime but safely keeping their distance to avoid recognition. (Welkman, n.d.) Arson has one of the highest rates of juvenile involvement and is a serious public safety problem, therefore juvenile fire setter became as a major problem in the field of arson because of peer pressures or as a part of initiating a member to the gang (Robertson, 2010). According to Peggy Little (n.d.), there are more arsons in the United States than any other country in the world, and the 1995 Federal Bureau of Investigation statistics showed that juveniles are accounted for 52 percent of the arson arrests. Most common juvenile arsonists comes from a severely disturbed home environment with one or no biological parents, with poor school work performance, has poor relationships with peers and the inabili... ...government agencies. Neighborhoods can reduce the likelihood of arson through awareness. Neighbors must always be on a lookout for anything that is suspicious in their neighborhood, and make reports to proper authorities of detailed physical descriptions of any suspicious people in or around their facility. Neighbors must know each other and be willing to look out for each other. Put the neighbor back into neighborhood by creating a sense of cooperation. Neighborhood Watch can play an important role in deterring future crimes such as arson or burglary. Building a strong and good relationship among government agencies like local fire department, emergency personnel, and law enforcement could be beneficial for the community in reducing arson. By making building safe and secure through these principles, society can help deter vandalism and arson.

Potential Climate Tipping Point Of Earth System Environmental Sciences Essay

Essay: â€Å" Critically measure the likeliness and possible impacts of the Earth System traversing a clime tipping point within the twenty-first century. † Introduction Climate alteration have been in grounds since scientists predict that, if no neutralization is planned and put into pattern, we might be affected by ruinous alterations in clime forms. Harmonizing to the IPCC ( 2001a ) , climate alteration is the consequence on the Earth ‘s clime province, and its atmospheric composing, csaused by an digesting series of actions. These actions might hold natural or human beginnings. The UNFCCC ( 1994 ) see the natural beginnings as clime variableness, and these entirely do non represent clime alteration. The human 1s are the 1s that lead clime alteration, and are besides the 1s we can act upon. Sun ‘s energy fluctuation, alterations in the Earth ‘s orbit, vents ‘ activities and ocean ‘s kineticss are considered to be the natural beginnings that can alter the clime ( NOAA, n.d. ) . The anthropogenetic causes that can impact clime are related to the steeper addition in Greenhouse Gases ( GHG ) emanations, which are conducte d by firing fossil fuels, coal mines, landfills, agribusiness, among others ( EIA, n.d. ) . Climate has ever changed, but it can make a certain point where life as we know it can be earnestly affected. There is a point where there is no return, there is no manner of halting or altering something back to what it was, this is the tipping point ( Macmillan, 2010 ; Cambridge, 2010 ) . Furthermore, Wordnik ( 2010 ) defines tipping point as â€Å" the point at which a slow, reversible alteration becomes irreversible, frequently with dramatic effects † . For Lenton, Footitt and Dlugolecki ( 2009 ) some of the clime tipping elements – the 1s that will be affected by making a tipping point – are sea degree rise, Monsoons, Amazon rainforest dieback and oceans circulation ; as shown in figure 1. Harmonizing to the IPCC ( 2007a ) abrupt clime alterations, which can take to a clime related tipping point, have a low chance to go on in the twenty-first century. On the other manus, at Lenton, Footitt and Dlugolecki ( 2009 ) these alterations might happen within the twenty-first century unless, in the short term, really drastic attempts lessening aggressively the emanations. Th erefore this essay critically assesses the Earth System tipping points ‘ possible impacts on some of its elements and their chance of go oning in this century. Figure 1: Lenton et Al. ( 2008 ) universe population denseness and tipping elements sites.Sea Level RiseAs exposed in VilibiA†¡ ( 1997 ) , sea degree can be measured taking into history a land point of mention ( tide gage informations ) or planetary sea degrees ( satellite altimeter informations ) . In the first one, even though clime alteration is steering sea degree rise, a lessening in sea degree can be obtained if the landmark is in a topographic point where hemorrhoids of ice were melted off. That occurs because the ice weight exerts force per unit area on the land beneath, and when it melts off, the land steadily bounces back, locally raising its height comparative to ocean ‘s degree and, therefore, giving the false feeling of lessening in sea degree. Conversely, in the 2nd one ( satellite altimeter ) , when planetary sea degrees are the benchmark, the H2O that comes from the melted land-based ice joins the sea H2O increasing its degree. As it is shown in figure 2, t emperatures are expected to lift, taking to a steep addition in the sea degree harmonizing to the medium temperature scenario ( figure 3 ) . Figure 2: EDF ( 1999 ) temperature alterations ‘ projections Figure 3: EDF ( 1999 ) sea degree alterations ‘ projections Ice sheets are a impulsive force because of the monolithic impact of its liquid H2O in sea degree. Harmonizing to the American Geological Institute ( 2010 ) , ice sheets are â€Å" a glacier of considerable thickness and more than 50,000 square kilometres in country, organizing a uninterrupted screen of snow and ice over a land surface, distributing outward in all waies and non confined by the implicit in topography † . The Greenland ice sheet and the West Antarctic ice sheet, if thawed wholly, would take together to a 12 metre rise in sea degree ( IPCC, 2001b ) . The Maldives 1,200 islands is an illustration, they are less than three metre above sea degree, therefore, a little addition in sea degree can do them vanish. Bangladesh is another 1, nowadays the loss of land along their rivers obligates a million of people to be relocated, and if the sea rises one metre, more than 13 million will hold to be relocated ( World View of Global Warming, n.d. ) . Lenton, Footitt and Dlug olecki ( 2009 ) anticipations province that it would take 300 old ages for the full ice sheets to run, however, because of its elephantine dimension, merely a little fraction of it go oning in this century will hold an tremendous impact. Harmonizing to the medium temperature alteration scenario, even though after the temperature rate of addition is likely to decelerate down ( figure 2 ) , the sea degree will go on to lift ( figure 3 ) . That will likely be due to the negative ice-albedo feedback connected to the temperature addition. The Copenhagen Diagnosis ( 2009 ) states that the IPCC AR4 ( Integovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report ) presented a sea degree addition half that of the observed by more recent research. It besides suggested that the net fluctuation of the Antarctica and Greenland ice mass is rapidly diminishing. As temperature additions and ice sheet ( higher reflective power ) thaws, Earth and deep ocean H2O ( lower reflective power ) absorb more heat, taking more ice thaw and sea rise.MonsoonsRamage ( 1971 ) defined monsoons â€Å" as a seasonal reversing air current accompanied by seasonal alterations in precipitation † ; more late, Trenberth et Al. ( 2000 ) and Zuidem a et Al. ( 2007 ) say that it is the asymmetric warming of land and sea associated with precipitation and atmospheric circulation seasonal alterations. The summer monsoons carry air from sea to the land ( traveling from a high to low force per unit area country ) ; in land this air raises, gets colder and turn into heavy rain. In contrast, winter monsoons work on the other manner around traveling air from land ( that cools faster ) to the sea ( that maintains heat ) , therefore doing land drouth. A simplistic account for monsoons is that they are seasonal, strong and big graduated table air currents that blow from sea to land or the other manner around, doing a batch of rain or drouth. Harmonizing to the University of California ( 2002 ) , planetary heating might heighten the summer monsoons behaviour and weaken the winter monsoons behavior, altering its impact in Earth life. The alteration in behaviour happens because during summer, with more wet in the air as the ocean will be warmer, it is expected a encouragement in rainfall and implosion therapy. On the other manus, winter monsoons ( in raising temperatures scenario ) might non be as strong, due to set down non being every bit cold as it was, doing the weakening of the air current blow to the sea. In many topographic points, concern and agribusiness have their growing reliant on the monsoons. As the monsoons are seasonal, many activities are driven and impacted on its dependability, besides that, if a monsoon lead countries to deluge or drought, that besides have an impact on the Earth life. The Indian and the West African monsoons are the tipping elements with closer tipping points harmonizing to Lenton et Al. ( 2008 ) . The Indian summer monsoon is expected to heighten due to greenhouse gases concentrations that trap the air. In this instance, more rain in expected, which could be good for agribusiness, but excessively much rain ( frequence and measure ) it can turn into inundation and have a negative impact. The West African monsoon, on the other manus, might hold a positive result after its alterations, as it can do the desert wetting agent, increasing the growing of flora. Besides harmonizing to Lenton et Al. ( 2008 ) both instances are expected to make its tipping points within the following decennary, foremost the Indian monsoon ( around one twelvemonth ) and so the West African monsoon ( around 10 old ages ) .AmazonThe Amazon rain wood is normally called the lung of the Earth. It is in the North of South America, most of it is in Brazil, but it extents besides ov er Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and Gallic Guiana. It covers around five and a half million square kilometres, which is about 16 times the country of the United Kingdom ( as the country circulated in black shows in figure 4 ) . The biodiversity in the Amazon tropical wood is tremendous, harmonizing to Da Silva et Al. ( 2005 ) latest research indicate that there are more than 40,000 works species, 3,000 fishes, 1,200 birds, 420 amphibious vehicles, 400 mammals, and 370 reptilians in the part. Lenton et Al. ( 2009 ) list the economic, societal, environmental built-in values of the Amazon Forest: C segregation and storage, biodiversity, H2O cycling and landscape value. Because of its magnitude, the Amazon is highly of import to the universe. The chief menaces to its ecosystem are the deforestation and clime alteration. Harmonizing to the Permanent Interministerial Working Group for Reducing the Rates of Deforestation in the Legal Amazon ( 2004 ) , the chief causes for the deforestation in the Amazon are cattle ranching, logging, agribusiness, illegal appropriation of public lands, and route building. As the Amazon is a huge unpeopled country, the Brazilian authorities battle to command and hinder its abuse, hence appears that at the present clip, there is no simple solution for this issue. Additionally, clime alteration ( in this instance, partly due to the El Nino increased impact ) may increase temperature and cut down the rainfall in the part, doing the die-back of the wood ( Cox et al. , 2004 ) . As shown in figure 4, from the entire country of the Amazon forest, more than half of it is likely to vanish until 2030 due to the deforestation that already took topographic point, and the deforestation and drought previsio ns for the future old ages. Figure 4: BBC ( 2008 ) Area of the Amazon Forest The work from Jones et Al. ( 2009 ) suggests that any seeable reaction from the ecosystem can perchance look merely after a long-run transmutation is already taking topographic point. This can intend that, even though we are presently under the threshold of the Amazon tipping point, with CO2e at 430 ppmv on the manner to 450 ppmv, it can take to more than 2A °C addition in temperature ( Lenton et al. , 2009 ) and can already be perpetrating the Amazon future die-back, even though there is no evident grounds at the minute. This suggests that the stabilisation of this ecosystem clime impacts do non depend merely on the stabilisation of the clime.Ocean CirculationHarmonizing to the Center for Climate Change and Environmental Forecasting U.S. Department Of Transportation ( 2009 ) , the â€Å" thermohaline circulation ( THC ) refers to the physical drive mechanism of the ocean circulation ensuing from fluxes of heat and fresh water across the sea surface, subsequent interior commixture of heat and salt, and geothermic heat beginnings † . Furthermore, at the IPCC ( 2007a ) portion of the THC is the â€Å" meridional overturning circulation ( MOC ) that is established along the western boundary of the Atlantic basin † . The IPCC ( 2007a ) provinces that, in the Atlantic, the planetary heating due to the nursery gases raise in the ambiance drives the addition of fresh water into the ocean which can take ocean ‘s circulation decline or even its motion shut-down. Increase in freshwater overflow, from rivers and from land ice melted, into the ocean makes less salty the ocean ‘s surface Waterss. This decrease in the salt lessening ocean ‘s denseness, being less dense it might non be heavy plenty to travel under the surface and impel the MOC motion. This motion is of import because it captures CO2 from the ambiance and sinks it, hive awaying it into the deep ocean. Another ocean, in concurrence with the ambiance, phenomena that influence planetary clime and is influenced by clime alteration is the ENSO ( El Nino and La Nina ) . El Nino is the heating of the surface of the Pacific Ocean in the tropical part ( weakening its normal status ) ; it happens every 2 to 7 old ages jumping to the conversely cold stage, La Nina ( IPCC, 2007a ) that strengthens its normal status. They cause opposite extreme conditions effects such as inundations and drouths, and other conditions effects around the universe. If the amplitude of ENSO gets higher, if can escalate the effects of other tipping elements, such as the Asiatic Monsoon and the Amazon die-back causes.DecisionEven though some tipping points were seen individually in this essay, as they are portion of the same ecosystem, alterations in any of them will straight or indirectly act upon the other 1s. Some of these influences, such as the 1s from the ENSO into the Monsoons or the Amazon are more clearly co nnected, but the theoretical accounts used to measure the tipping elements and their possible tipping points are non able to foretell all the possible interactions of the Earth complex ecosystem and its reactions to the clime alteration. Nonetheless, even though there are multiple tipping points, they relate to a specific country and hence have their ain local importance, timing and pay in a planetary graduated table influence. Undesirably seems like there is no exact reply for the likeliness of the Earth System traversing a clime tipping point within the twenty-first century. Harmonizing to the IPCC ( 2007b ) likeliness â€Å" refers to a probabilistic appraisal of some chiseled result holding occurred or happening in the hereafter, and may be based on quantitative analysis or an evocation of adept positions † but no research, paper, article, study, book affirm with certainty any reaction related to climate alteration as a whole. Publications normally conclude their statements with unfastened decisions, smoothing their findings with looks such as: far from inevitable, distinguishable possibility, more likely, really improbable and chances that can hold an ample scope, which are non decisive. Cox et Al. ( 2004 ) even declares that â€Å" we are still a long manner from being able to gauge the chance of such an ecological calamity happening in the existent Earth system † . The return place mess age should be that, even though there are no warrants, there is a opportunity of traversing a clime tipping point Oklahoman or subsequently. Are we prepare to disregard the chances and take the opportunity to be affected by ruinous clime alteration, or should we be more careful and take actions now that can extenuate the negative impacts on the Earth system? Word count: 2,332

Cancer, Gender, and Environmental Justice Essay

As of today, cancer is one of the utmost feared diseases in the world. In the early 1990s, approximately 6 million new cancer incidents propagated and more than 4 million mortalities arose from cancers. Cancer is a disease that is killing individuals all around the world. More than one-fifth of all fatalities were triggered by cancer and its been predicted, by the American Cancer Society, that about 33% of Americans will ultimately acquire this disease. The expertise of cancer analysis is titled Oncology. Cancer is the furthermost aggressive disease of a greater class recognized as neoplasms. Neoplasms don’t quite conform to the portions of the cell that regulate the development and tasks of the cell. These cells ultimately become anomalous tumors and are acknowledged as non-typical tissue. These mannerisms are passed down as the cell replicates, thus spreading the cancer. The government has consumed billions of dollars on investigation for a cure of this deadly disease. â€Å"It is estimated that one out of every two men and one of every three women will have cancer in their lifetimes. About one in four persons will die of cancer. The American Cancer Society estimates that about 570,000 cancer deaths occur each year in the United States. Cancer is the second leading cause of death after heart disease† (Pat Quinn). The government spends huge amounts of money on cancer exploration. They’re constantly finding remedies and enhanced techniques to treat and deal with cancer. As of today, research has progressed for the better and has helped countless individuals fight cancers. Although there is so much effort put into cancer research, it is still a feared disease, but is now treatable which grants numerous people faith in recovery. Cancer and Gender Cancer affects male and females in different ways. â€Å"In the United States, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for both sexes, followed by prostate cancer in males and breast cancer in females. It is estimated that one out of every two men and one of every three women will have cancer in their lifetimes† (Pat Quinn). â€Å"Another gender issue in cancer is adipose tissue (fat)† (Tarter). â€Å"Some of the most dangerous carcinogens those that are most persistent in the environment and the most persistent in our bodies- are stored in fatty tissues which affects women in a different ways than men† (Tarter). Also women are more prevalent in developing breast cancer, as men are more prevalent to developing colon cancer. â€Å"Between 1977 and 2006, the top five biggest disparities in age-adjusted cancer death rates were for the following types of cancer, according to the study; cancer of the lip: 5.51 men died for every one woman, cancer of the larynx: 5.37 men died for every one woman, cancer of the hypo pharynx: 4.47 men died for every one woman, cancer of the esophagus: 4.08 men died for every one woman, and cancer of the bladder: 3.36 men died for every one woman. All of those cancers are relatively rare. But men also die at much higher rates from the most common forms of cancers that affect both sexes† (Laura Blue). The American Cancer Society estimates that approximately 570,000 cancer related deaths occur annually in the United States. Cancer is the second leading cause of death after heart disease. Human Rights and Environmental Justice Environmental Justice is the field of study that explains the connection between environmental exploitation and human exploitation. â€Å"The term environmental justice emerged as a concept in the United States in the early 1980s. The term has two distinct uses. The first and more common usage describes a social movement in the United States whose focus is on the fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens. Second, it is an interdisciplinary body of social science literature that includes (but is not limited to) theories of the environment, theories of justice, environmental law and governance, environmental policy and planning, development, sustainability, and political ecology† (Wikipedia). â€Å"Federal and state right-to-know laws, established in the past decade, have made available disturbing information about the extent to which our environment has been polluted by known carcinogens (and many others which are probable, suspected, or untested)† (Tarter) . â€Å" Environmental justice writers and activists have consistently made links between environmental exploitation and human exploitation, attempting to reveal, criticize, and transform relationships between human social practices and environmental issues† (Tarter). Also another example to human rights and environmental justice is that the lower income class people tend to live in the urban areas where they are exposed to factories and carcinogens as opposed to the higher classes that live in the suburbs and aren’t exposed to any or very little of these toxins. Some people argue that environmental justice is also racial discrimination. Facing Living Downstream In this essay Tarter talks about how it is to live downstream. Living downstream means that whatever happened previously in your life can affect what happens later down the road. â€Å"There are individuals who claim, as a form of dismissal, that links between cancer and environmental contamination are unproven and improvable. There are others who believe that placing people in harm’s way is wrong whether the exact mechanism by which this harm is inflicted can be deciphered or not. At the very least, they argue, we are obliged to investigate, however imperfect our scientific tools; with the right to know comes the duty to inquire† (Tarter). â€Å"In contemporary American society there are many layers of silence wrapped around cancer, not only because the disease itself is frightening and we have trouble with issues of death and dying in our culture, but also because it is too frightening to contemplate the huge investment of money, power, and emotional capital in toxif ying the environment and ourselves in the way we do now† (Tarter). The environmental contaminations role of causing cancer is on the rise. Conclusion When a family is forced to deal with a relative who has been diagnosed with cancer life gets difficult. Cancer affects many people all around the world. Throughout this essay by Jim Tarter I learned that cancer affects others on many different level. Cancer affects through gender, environment, race, and poverty. At the beginning of the essay I read Tarter gives us an insight on his life and how it was to be a cancer patient. He uses many perspectives on this topic through Rachel Carson and Sandra Steingraber’s work. This essay opened my eyes and I learned through reading from other’s experiences.

The Influence of Supply and Demand on Inflation

The Influence of Supply and Demand on Inflation Inflation is an increase in the price of a basket of goods and services that is representative of the economy as a whole. In other words, inflation is an upward movement in the average level of prices, as defined in Economics by Parkin and Bade. Its opposite is deflation, a downward movement in the average level of prices. The boundary between inflation and deflation is price stability. The Link Between Inflation and Money An old adage holds that inflation is too many dollars chasing too few goods. Because inflation is a rise in the general level of prices, it is intrinsically linked to  money.   To understand how inflation works, imagine a world that only has two  commodities: oranges picked from orange trees and paper money printed by the government. In a drought year when oranges are scarce, one would expect to see the price of oranges rise, because quite a few dollars would be chasing very few oranges. Conversely, if there was a record orange crop, one would expect to see the price of oranges fall because orange sellers would need to reduce their prices in order to clear their inventory. These scenarios represent inflation and deflation, respectively. However, in the real world, inflation and deflation are changes in the average price of all goods and services, not just one. Altering the Money Supply Inflation and deflation can also result when the amount of  money in the system  changes. If the government decides to print a lot of money, then dollars will become plentiful relative to oranges, as in the earlier drought example.   Thus, inflation is caused by the number of dollars rising relative to the number of oranges (goods and services). Similarly, deflation is caused by the number of dollars falling relative to the number of ​oranges (goods and services). Therefore, inflation is caused by a combination of four factors: the supply of money goes up, the supply of other goods goes down, demand for money goes down and demand for other goods goes up. These four factors are thus linked to the basics of supply and demand. Different Types of Inflation Now that we have covered the basics of inflation, it is important to note that there are many types of inflation. These types of inflation are differentiated from each other by the cause that drives the price increase. To give you a taste, lets briefly go over ​cost-push inflation and demand-pull inflation.   Cost-push inflation is a result of a decrease in aggregate supply. Aggregate supply is the supply of goods, and a decrease in aggregate supply is mainly caused by an increase in wage rate or an increase in the price of raw materials. Essentially,  prices for consumers are pushed up  by increases in the cost of production. Demand-pull inflation occurs when there is an increase in aggregate demand. Simply put, consider how when demand increases, prices are pulled higher.

Adamantinoma of the Right Tibia Case Study

Adamantinoma of the Right Tibia Case Study INTRODUCTION: Adamantinoma is low grade malignant tumor of fibroblast origin. Also called as primary epidermoid carcinoma of bone, malignant angioblastoma or epithelial tumor of bone. It was first described by Fischer in 1913. 1 It represents less than 0.4% of all malignant bone tumors. 2 The exact origin of adamantinoma is unknown, the classic variant is composed of epithelial cells and osteofibrous components. It is more prevalent in men than in women, ratio being 5:4. The common age of presentation is in the second decade, though it can vary greatly between the second to fifth decades. 3 The common site of occurrence is the ramus of the mandible. The other uncommon locations include shaft of long bones (97%), mid-shaft of tibia (80%-85%). 4 Other rare locations includes the humerus, ulna, femur, fibula and radius but ribs, spine, metatarsal and carpal bones. 5 The characteristic features of adamantinoma is slow, gradual development with high chances of local recurrences and also metastases to lungs. 6 In this case study, we have presented a rare histological acanthomatous variant of adamantinoma of the right tibia with metastases to the right inguinal region. CASE REPORT: A 45 year old male patient presented with history of pain in right leg since 3-4 months, insidious onset, gradually progressive, aggravated on exercise, relieved on rest and medication. Later patient had no relief on medication. There was no history of trauma or fall preceeding to onset of symptoms. The patient also complained of swelling in the right groin since 1 month, without pain. On examination, the patient was stable. Local examination showed, a swelling of about 5X3cm in the upper end right leg, tender, well defined, hard in consistency, smooth surface, involving the right knee joint line. There was restriction of movement, but range of movements was present. Examination of right inguinal region revealed a 7X6cm firm, non-matted mass, immobile, non-tender, non-reducible, non -pulsatile mass. Local examination of penis, scrotum, anal canal, hernia orifices was normal. Baseline investigations were done, all the haematological parameters were normal, ultrasound abdomen and chest radiograph was normal. Plain radiograph of right tibia showed large central lytic lesion with sclerotic margins, involving the upper end and shaft of tibia without involvement of right knee joint. Supra-patellar amputation of right leg with right inguinal and right external iliac nodal dissection was done. Histopathological examination of the mass was done. The reported was suggestive of acanthomatous adamantionoma. The features are as described, central area of squamous cell nests which were well differentiated with keratinization surrounded by a rim of myxoid cells. Further immunohistochemistry(IHC) study was done to confirm the diagnosis. IHC was also consistent with the diagnosis and confirmed the diagnosis. Positivity was found for cytokeratin(CK), EMA, CK-19, CK-5, CK-6, P-63 , and Ki-67 and vimentin. Also metastases to right inguinal lymph node was confirmed. DISCUSSION: The first bone tumor with epithelial characteristic was reported by Maier in 1900, later in 1913 Fischer termed it as adamantinoma. It is more common in men than in women. The age of presentation varies between the second to fifth decade. The uncommon sites includes the shaft of long bones(97%), of which the mid-shaft of tibia being the most common site(80-85%). The symptoms at presentation include pain with localised swelling. Swelling is the most common symptom. Pain may be present due to history of repetitive trauma associated with adamantinoma. 7 Adamantinoma is low grade malignant tumor, and can metastasize to loco-regional nodal areas and to lungs at presentation. The patient in the case report was also a middle aged man in the fifth decade with pain and swelling in the right tibia since 3-4 months and swelling in the right groin.

Decision Matrix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Decision Matrix - Essay Example Being near to the market makes the new branch accessible to the customer and correspondingly, the high likelihood for it to profit. 2. Near to supplier – the business is a retailer and requires heavy coordination with the retailer. Proximity to supplier will save the business freight cost which is one of its highest overhead. Proximity to supplier also ensures predictability of supplies and shorter delivery period making the company more responsive to the demand of the market. It will also save the company from spoilage and breakage. 4. Convenience of setting up – convenience of setting up includes the availability of building materials, good infrastructure and absence of red tape in the area. These factors could bring unexpected cost to the business and therefore must be absent to make the construction of the new location convenient. The best option among the alternative locations is location 4. It has a total score of 2. It is the best location for the expansion of the new grocery for a variety of reasons. First is its proximity to the customers making the new branch very accessible and therefore ensures volume of grocery shoppers that could translate to sales. Second is its proximity to supplier where it is also the highest at 9. This means that the delivery time is faster at lower cost. In addition, shorter travel time also means less spoilage and breakage translating to less wastage to the company. Set up cost is also reasonable. It is also convenient to construct the business there as regulatory bodies are friendly and materials for construction are readily available. There is also an abundance of highly qualified personnel in the area making Location 4 an ideal place for the expansion of the