Pre Writing Skills

PRE WRITING TECHNIQUES Pre constitution is the first stage of the writing process, typically followed by drafting, revision, editing and publishing. Elements of prewriting whitethorn include planning, research, outlining, diagramming, storyboarding or clustering and so forth Prewriting is in-chief(postnominal) because it helps you generate ideas for writing. Some of the prewriting proficiencys ar 1. Outlining 2. Free piece of writing 3. Thinking maps 4. Cubing 5. direct Questioning 6. dismantle making and contrast pickings 7. Brain storming 8. crew 9. Ch machinationing 10. S faecal matterningThe bureau of for each one(prenominal) skill along with its examples is presumption up below. 1. Outlining An draw is a inscription that soon summarizes the information that go a stylus be include in a paper, book, speech, or kindred document. It shows the auberge in which the information leave behind be presented and indicates the relationship of the pieces of information to e ach new(prenominal). By making an outline of the document which we begin to economize employs us wrong of our document. Examples 1. Suppose a general situation in which a person is kick in to release an article on a general theme, what should he do subsequently selecting his topic?Of course he give begin to collect data for his article, flat temporary hookup collecting data, as he rake through books and articles, he willing constitute an mightiness card. From each rise the ga on that pointd information will be put in an index card. That index card will be his outline of that article and that process which he has select is outlining. 2. Consider a nonher situation in which you argon required to import an experiment on your favorite personality (say Quaid-e-Azam). You will take a leak an outline for the material you take to include in the essay. E. g. Birth, early education, high education, interests, work, death and so on . Free Writing A strategy designed to foreswear ideas from your subconscious head and gets them d consume on paper. This kind of writing is indigent in a nonher sense you wear outt extremity to difficulty close punctuation, correct grammar usage, etc. Your primary(prenominal) objective is to redeem for a sustain period of eon (ten to fifteen minutes) without stopping. In this you be free to exculpate mistakes and write whatever you want. Examples 1. Suppose you ar a student and your professor has incisively given(p) you an assignment. You ar required to write a paper roughly a peculiar(prenominal) topic, or to come up with a topic of your own.You begin to panic. Where do I start? you whitethorn ask yourself. How do I begin? There is entirely no need to be worried. bump off your pen and start writing each and everything related to that topic. Once you have through this, now just organize the things and occupation them neatly. 2. Suppose you are an Electrical unionise and you work in an office and your chieftain has assigned you a task to sum up budget plan of constructing a building. seemingly it is not your job but order is order. As it is not your job, you dont need to be panic and you smoke write anything that comes in your mind somewhat the assigned task. . Thinking Maps Thinking maps are powerful tools to help you gather ideas and manage information as you prepare to write for any occasion and purpose. It shows you how the parts of a subject are related. Once a person understands the essentials, thinking maps understructure be like completing a get which is interesting. Examples 1. 2. Condensation Precipitation Evaporation peeing vapor, a gas returns to liquid evince Liquid pissing supply falls as rain, sleet, hail, or snow Liquid water becomes water vapours, a gas 4. Cubing Cubing is the art of explaining any topic from different perspectives.Cubing is an refined tool for rapidly exploring a topic. It reveals right away what you agnise and what you dont know, and it may alert you to adjudicate to narrow or expand your topic. These perspectives may include 1. Describing to early(a)s. 2. Comparing with others. 3. Associating with others. 4. Analyzing it. 5. Its applications and usage. 6. Argue for or against it. Examples 1. If you produce a decorative item, you touch your production with others, compare it with other cosmetic items, relate it to a good calibre item, analyze it either it is costly or not, submit its benefits and at last give arguments in its favor. . If you are a active phone dealer, you go to different shops and tell them you sell Nokia or Samsung phones, you compare your items with other mobiles, relate your links that you are certain dealer, you discuss its financial aspects and try to convince shop keeper to bribe mobiles from you. Cubing helps you to write all this procedure in a good way. 5. Directed Questioning This technique works when you have a topic of your interest but you are not sure what a nd how to write it. It this kind of situation, you dont need to expand your thoughts, alternatively you have to limit your ideas to the point.Also when you question yourself about the topic you are going to write, this utensil of questioning makes it easier to write about the topic. Examples 1. If you are asked to write about educational serve of Sir Sayad Ahmad Khan, you derriere discuss historic play down of Sir Sayad but your focus should be educational services, and not the other aspects because it is not requisite to include all the things. 2. If you are given any project, you select it and then questions can make it easy to write about ite. g. why you are interesting in this project?How you got this idea? What are merits of it? What are demerits of it (if any)? Is this project financially supportive? etc. 6. Note making and Note taking The storing capacities of human memory are limited. It is useful, in that locationfore, to know how to efficiently make notes of what o ne wants to cerebrate. Note taking is a technique which is apply when a person is construe or hearing something for the first time and he is trying to jot down the unwrap information so he can use it later. Note making is when you return to those notes and make notes on them.This gist you just go through notes, put things into your own watch pronounces or summarize them and suck up key points. This technique is useful while gathering information for a respective(prenominal) article from books and rallys etc. Examples 1. This technique is helpful when you are going to study a delivery other than you mother tongue. Because it is not easy to remember a kettle of fish of knowledge and vocabulary of the secondary language in one attempt. So there will be a need to read it again to learn and remember more about new language. 2. If you are attending a technical lecture (e. g. elated to some machine or something else), it is a good practice to make lecture notes because you might need them to make comprehensive understanding of the topic. 7. Brainstorming It means thinking of as some ideas as possible in a condensed amount of time. Brainstorming involves capturing all of the thoughts, ideas, and fragments in your head and writing them down on paper. Brainstorming is an informal way of generating topics to write about, or points to make about your topic. The important point about brainstorming is that there should be no pressure to be excellent. You should simply open their minds to whatever comes into them.Think of it as a kind of free association. When someone say literacy what pops into our mind? approximately of us will come up with more useless ideas, but thats okay. Examples 1. If a person has a lot of money, he thinks what he can do with it. He can visit other countries, can give donations to charity, he can buy books and to a fault he can give scholarships with this money. This is brainstorming because all these ideas come in a persons mind n a sho rt time duration. 2. If you are asked to write some memorable experiences of your life, your mind just click and umpteen such moments will come in your mind.This is excessively brainstorming. 8. Clustering Clustering is a non-linear brainstorming technique whose results yield a visual representation of subject and organization. Clustering is a generative tool that helps us to connect thoughts, feelings, and ideas not connected before. It allows us to loosely structure ideas as they pass away in a shape that allows for the raise generation of ideas. It taps our associative powers in a self-organizing process, encouraging us to create personally meaningful patterns. Examples 1. What else caused the War? Was slavery really the main issue? gracious War Main Events Outcomes Causes People of saki Slavery Pres Emancipation Poverty Gettysburg ? capital of Georgia Mobile phone 2. Phone calls, message Cost and comparison Media player specialations 9. Charting sometimes you will want to organize your ideas in the form of a chart. This technique works very well for comparison or contrast writing or examining advantages and disadvantages ( that is also a comparison). You can make many kind of charts depending on your topic and also the king of writing you are doing. Examples 1. 2. urban center villageAdvantages More Job, health, education and get off facilities Less job, health, education and transport facilities Disadvantages Noise, air, water pollution Calm atmosphere, pure vegetables, no noise 10. scan Scanning involves a process of quickly searching reading materials in order to locate particularized bits of information. When scanning you dont start from the beginning and read to the end. Instead, what you do is jump around in the text, trying to find the information you need. Scanning can help you locate specific pieces of information and gain an overview of the main points in an article or text.Examples 1. Suppose you are searching the meaning of a wo rd in dictionary. Easy way to do this is that you first look the first alphabet, then second and so on until you choke the desired word. It is easier than beginning from the first word of the dictionary to look the meaning. 2. While flavour a number in a telephone book, you simply jump to the starting word of the name or other information known to you. This saves time. In this way Scanning involves moving ones eyes quickly down the pageboy seeking specific words and phrases.